高速铁路动态定价与票额分配协同优化研究

目前我国高速铁路票价制定还比较缺乏灵活的市场化机制,严重影响铁路运输企业收益和服务水平的提高。基于高速铁路旅客出行规律和收益管理策略,研究高速铁路动态定价与票额分配协同优化方法。在分析旅客出行价格需求弹性的基础上,构建基于Logit模型的客流弹性函数,考虑临近发车客票不涨价和运输能力等约束,建立以期望客票总收入最大化为目标的优化模型,设计一种基于超分方程的分步算法,求解不同时段下不同列车的最优票价与票额分配方案。以京沪高速铁路为例进行计算和分析,与固定费率票价相比,动态票价策略能保证服务水平,系统总客流需求下降0.73%,企业客票总收益提高4.95%。     

岙山5#货运泊位设计特点

结合水文、地质等自然条件，介绍岙山5#泊位码头平面布置、结构选型和桩基设计的特点。     

大型集装箱码头陆域布局优化

为解决宁波大榭招商国际集装箱码头现有陆域布局散乱、土地利用不充分、堆场容量不足的问题,对码头陆域布局进行优化研究,以期集约化利用土地,增强码头的竞争力和发展潜力。基于调研和分析,梳理当前陆域布局中存在的主要问题;对泊位通过能力和堆场容量的计算分析,合理确定码头总体的运量规模,并以此指导陆域布局调整和优化工作。从土地利用和堆场容量两个方面进行评价,优化工作取得良好的效果。研究提出一种大型集装箱码头陆域布局优化的可行思路,可为类似项目研究提供借鉴。     

技术站广义配流问题模型与算法

根据列车解编顺序是否确定,将阶段计划中的广义配流问题分为广义静态配流问题和广义动态配流问题。以阶段内发出配流车数最多和车辆在站平均停留时间最短为目标函数,以列车解体开始时刻、车流分配、车流接续和列车编组开始时刻为约束条件,建立广义动态配流问题的多目标非线性混合整数规划模型。综合考虑优先排空、优先发送较近编组去向车流,模拟车站调度员编制阶段计划时的思维过程,设计搜索算法,解决广义静态配流问题(给定列车解编顺序的广义动态配流问题)。以有7个编组去向的某技术站为例,运用该算法可以在较短时间内得到列车解编方案和配流方案,表明了该算法的实用性和可行性。     

土石方调配问题双层规划模型及算法研究

研究目的:针对铁路土石方工程中较少考虑对生态环境影响的现状,研究如何构建合理的土石方调配问题模型,实现铁路土石方工程与生态环境的有效协调,减少对生态环境的影响的同时,从而实现土石方工程系统最优的目标。研究结论:根据土石方工程具体特点,系统地描述土石方调配问题,在此基础上兼顾政府监管部门与施工企业双方不同的利益目标,建立土石方调配问题双层规划模型。在双层规划模型中,上层模型为土石方工程系统最优模型,下层模型为土石方调配费用最低模型。计算结果表明:土石方调配问题双层规划模型在减少对保护生态环境影响同时,降低工程建设成本。     

Storage space allocation in container terminals

Container terminals are essential intermodal interfaces in the global transportation network. Efficient container handling at terminals is important in reducing transportation costs and keeping shipping schedules. In this paper, we study the storage space allocation problem in the storage yards of terminals. This problem is related to all the resources in terminal operations, including quay cranes, yard cranes, storage space, and internal trucks. We solve the problem using a rolling-horizon approach. For each planning horizon, the problem is decomposed into two levels and each level is formulated as a mathematical programming model. At the first level, the total number of containers to be placed in each storage block in each time period of the planning horizon is set to balance two types of workloads among blocks. The second level determines the number of containers associated with each vessel that constitutes the total number of containers in each block in each period, in order to minimize the total distance to transport the containers between their storage blocks and the vessel berthing locations. Numerical runs show that with short computation time the method significantly reduces the workload imbalance in the yard, avoiding possible bottlenecks in terminal operations.     

An optimization framework for workplace charging strategies

The workplace charging (WPC) has been recently recognized as the most important secondary charging point next to residential charging for plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs). The current WPC practice is spontaneous and grants every PEV a designated charger, which may not be practical or economic when there are a large number of PEVs present at workplace. This study is the first research undertaken that develops an optimization framework for WPC strategies to satisfy all charging demand while explicitly addressing different eligible levels of charging technology and employees’ demographic distributions. The optimization model is to minimize the lifetime cost of equipment, installations, and operations, and is formulated as an integer program. We demonstrate the applicability of the model using numerical examples based on national average data. The results indicate that the proposed optimization model can reduce the total cost of running a WPC system by up to 70% compared to the current practice. The WPC strategies are sensitive to the time windows and installation costs, and dominated by the PEV population size. The WPC has also been identified as an alternative sustainable transportation program to the public transit subsidy programs for both economic and environmental advantages.     

基于ANN的船舶撞击高桩码头群桩损伤位置预测

本文采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了船舶撞击高桩码头群桩的空间有限元模型。通过计算评估了撞击力、桩体刚度、撞击位置和撞击角度下对群桩结构损伤位置的影响。基于人工神经网络(ANN)方法,对不同参数组合下的群桩结构损伤位置进行了预测,并对ANN方法的可行性进行了评估。     

考虑动态定价的煤炭调运方案优化研究

煤炭坑口价格的变化与市场供求有重要联系.本文在煤炭坑口价格动态定价的基础上,以煤炭产地和消费地间的煤炭调运量为决策变量,以煤炭流通过程中的总费用最小化为目标,分别构建了煤炭调运系统优化模型和考虑消费者竞争的煤炭调运优化模型,设计了遗传算法和Floyd算法相结合的求解算法.以我国内地煤炭调运问题为案例,分析了价格变化特性、可调出量与消费量比例等因素对煤炭调运方案的影响.结果表明,考虑消费者竞争时煤炭流通广义费用更低;随着煤炭可调出量与消费量比的增加,动态价格较固定价格的煤炭流通广义费用下降更快.     

基于多智能体仿真的自动化集装箱码头合理通过能力研究

针对自动化集装箱码头泊位合理通过能力评估问题,基于多智能体仿真建立采用"双小车岸桥(DTQC)+自动导引车(AGV)+自动化轨道吊(ARMG)"工艺的自动化集装箱码头装卸作业模型,对顺岸布置的自动化码头通过能力与码头服务水平、泊位数量之间的关系进行研究。仿真结果表明:码头服务水平(AWTAST)与泊位通过能力呈明显负相关关系,且在一定码头服务水平下,泊位合理通过能力随顺岸式码头泊位数量的增加显著提高。基于仿真结果进行公式拟合,提出了自动化集装箱码头的泊位合理通过能力估算方法,可以为自动化集装箱码头规划与运营提供决策支持。